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Reducing low-frequency noise during reversible fluctuations

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Abstract

The noise from most materials exhibits a power-spectral density that tends to diverge as S(f) ∝ 1/f at low frequencies, f. A fundamental mechanism for this 1/f noise comes from the thermodynamics of small systems applied to reversible fluctuations of nanometer-sized regions inside bulk samples. Here this “nanothermodynamics” is used to derive a nonlinear correction to Boltzmann’s factor. Specifically: Boltzmann’s factor comes from the first-order (linear) derivative of entropy with respect to energy, whereas the nonlinear correction comes from higher-order terms. The nonlinear correction is applied to Monte Carlo simulations of small regions in the Ising model, yielding a low-frequency crossover to white noise that keeps the power-spectral density finite as f → 0. It is shown that the low-frequency noise in the model is reduced by reducing the size of the regions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1504, USA

    Ralph V. Chamberlin

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  1. Ralph V. Chamberlin
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Correspondence to Ralph V. Chamberlin.

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Chamberlin, R.V. Reducing low-frequency noise during reversible fluctuations. Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. 226, 365–371 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2016-60182-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2016-60182-y

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